Some people may develop muscle related side effects while taking haloperidol. Symptoms of EPS include restlessness, tremor, and stiffness. TD symptoms include slow or jerky movements that one cannot control, often starting in the mouth with tongue rolling or chewing movements. Temperature regulation: Impaired core body temperature regulation may occur; caution with strenuous exercise, heat exposure, and dehydration.
All antipsychotics have been associated with the risk of sudden cardiac death due to an arrhythmia irregular heart beat.
To minimize this risk, antipsychotic medications should be used in the smallest effective dose when the benefits outweigh the risks. Your doctor may order an EKG to monitor for irregular heartbeat. Symptoms include confusion, fever, extreme muscle stiffness, and sweating.
If any of these symptoms occur, contact your healthcare provider immediately. All antipsychotics can cause sedation, dizziness, or orthostatic hypotension a drop in blood pressure when standing up from sitting or lying down.
These side effects may lead to falls which could cause bone fractures or other injuries. This risk is higher for people with conditions or other medications that could worsen these effects. If falls or any of these symptoms occur, contact your healthcare provider. Tardive dyskinesia TD is a side effect that develops with prolonged use of antipsychotics. If you develop symptoms of TD, such as grimacing, sucking, and smacking of lips, or other movements that you cannot control, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
All patients taking either first or second generation antipsychotics should have an Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale AIMS completed regularly by their healthcare provider to monitor for TD. Haloperidol may lower your blood pressure.
Medications used to lower blood pressure may increase this effect and increase your risk of falling. It is very important to tell your doctor how you feel things are going during the first few weeks after you start taking haloperidol.
It will probably take several weeks to see big enough changes in your symptoms to decide if haloperidol is the right medication for you.
Antipsychotic treatment is generally needed lifelong for persons with schizophrenia. Your doctor can best discuss the duration of treatment you need based on your symptoms and illness. Last Updated: January This information is being provided as a community outreach effort of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists. This information is for educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. This information contains a summary of important points and is not an exhaustive review of information about the medication.
Always seek the advice of a physician or other qualified medical professional with any questions you may have regarding medications or medical conditions. Never delay seeking professional medical advice or disregard medical professional advice as a result of any information provided herein.
The College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists disclaims any and all liability alleged as a result of the information provided herein. Search Close Menu. Sign In About Mental Illness. About Mental Illness Treatments. About Mental Illness Research. Your Journey Individuals with Mental Illness. Your Journey Family Members and Caregivers. There is no evidence of difference in efficacy between haloperidol and risperidone, olanzapine, valproate, carbamazepine, sultopride and zuclopentixol.
There was a statistically significant difference with haloperidol being probably less effective than aripiprazole. No comparative efficacy data with quetiapine, lithium or chlorpromazine were reported. Haloperidol caused more extrapyramidal symptoms EPS than placebo and more movement disorders and EPS but less weight gain than olanzapine.
Haloperidol caused more EPS than valproate but no difference was found between haloperidol and lithium, carbamazepine, sultopride and risperidone in terms of side effects profile. There is some evidence that haloperidol is an effective treatment for acute mania. From the limited data available, there was no difference in overall efficacy of treatment between haloperidol and olanzapine or risperidone. Some evidence suggests that haloperidol could be less effective than aripiprazole.
Referring to tolerability, when considering the poor evidence comparing drugs, clinicians and patients should consider different side effect profiles as an important issue to inform their choice. The main objectives in treating mania are to control dangerous behaviour, reduce suicide, produce appropriate acute sedation and shorten the episode of mood disturbance.
Among different drugs, haloperidol has for many years been used in treating psychotic patients, but it has a troublesome side effect profile. Valid scales with high specificity and sensitivity, i. Patients were followed up every 24 h till resolution of delirium. However, certain limitations need to be considered while interpreting the results. It was a single-blind study and interviewer was not blind to the treatment given. Hence, it could lead to interviewer bias in the study population.
Placebo arm was not included. Patients who were more severely ill, unable to speak, mechanically ventilated, and who could not consume oral medicines were excluded from the study.
This possibly resulted in the inclusion of more mild-to-moderate cases in our study. This possibly resulted in bias in our results, i.
Overall, patients with delirium responded well to low doses of both haloperidol and olanzapine. Patients tolerated both drugs equally well that can be expected due to low mean daily doses of drugs as well as shorter duration of treatment required in delirium. At the end of the study period, there was no significant difference in response to both drugs in all the domains, i. Hence, we can conclude that both olanzapine and haloperidol can be safely used in the treatment of delirious patients, and low doses of antipsychotics for short duration are usually sufficient.
National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Indian J Psychiatry v. Indian J Psychiatry. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Address for correspondence: Dr. E-mail: moc. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Objective: Till date, typical antipsychotic haloperidol is the treatment of choice for delirium.
Materials and Methods: This was an open-label, randomized controlled study carried out in a tertiary care hospital at Chandigarh, India. Results: There was an improvement in delirium severity in both groups with treatment. Conclusion: Low-dose haloperidol and olanzapine were equally efficacious and well tolerated in delirium. Keywords: Delirium, efficacy, haloperidol, olanzapine, tolerability.
Aims and objectives Our primary aim was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine and haloperidol in delirium. Patients The study was done on delirious patients admitted in medicine emergency ward and patients referred to consultation liaison services of the Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
Assessment method Each patient's sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded on a pro forma designed for the study. Intervention Patients were randomized into two groups. Open in a separate window. Statistical analysis Chi-square test was used to compare the sociodemographic profile and variables related to clinical profile nominal data in both groups. Figure 1.
Phenomenology of delirium The various symptoms of delirium in both the groups were; disorientation, impaired digit span, reduced ability to shift attention, decreased or increased psychomotor activity, short term memory impairment, sleep-wake cycle disturbance, reduced level of consciousness, perceptual disturbance and delusions as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Number of patients in which various symptoms of delirium were present and number of patients in which symptoms improved with treatment. Pattern of symptom improvement Overall, there was improvement in all the symptoms of delirium with treatment and at the end point there was no significant difference between both groups in any of the symptoms. Dose of antipsychotic used Mean daily dose of olanzapine used was 5.
Duration of treatment The mean duration of treatment in olanzapine group and haloperidol group was 3. Drug-related adverse effects Totally five patients had drug-related side effects; two in olanzapine group and three in haloperidol group. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.
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