Share Tweet Email. Read This Next Wild parakeets have taken a liking to London. Animals Wild Cities Wild parakeets have taken a liking to London Love them or hate them, there's no denying their growing numbers have added an explosion of color to the city's streets. India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big. Environment Planet Possible India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big Grassroots efforts are bringing solar panels to rural villages without electricity, while massive solar arrays are being built across the country.
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Animals Wild Cities Morocco has 3 million stray dogs. The heat-pipe system was likely in effect from the time Earth's surface solidified until about 3. As Earth cooled, the amount of volcanism dropped off dramatically, the idea goes; the lithosphere then got thinner and thinner until it finally broke, forming plates.
Life is thought to have arisen on our planet about 3. And that would make perfect sense, Moore said. The new hypothesis could have applications far beyond Earth. Moore suspects that every rocky planet goes through a heat-pipe phase during its evolution, the duration of which depends on its size because larger worlds take longer to cool down than smaller planets. The sulfur dioxide envelope of gas freezes up while Io is in the shadow of Jupiter every day.
When Io comes back into sunlight, the freezing sulfur dioxide converts to gas once more. Scientists long suspected this phenomenon exists, but it was only after this new study — which saw Io's atmosphere in the dark for the first time — that researchers confirmed it.
Io's environment has come under intense scrutiny in recent years as scientists try to explain why the moon has the most active volcanoes in the solar system. The recent findings involve both observations of the moon and modeling of the interior, which can only be inferred. A study explained why Io's most prolific volcanoes appear to be offset from where scientists expected they would be. While previous models suggested that the zones with the most intense heating would have more active volcanoes, the actual Io had its most active ones farther east.
The study suggests that if there was an ocean mixed with molten and solid rock underneath the moon, the rock portions would rub against each other and create the offset zones scientists observed.
However, the existence of a molten ocean came into doubt with a study , which showed that some auroras we can see in Io's atmosphere would have been damped out by an underground ocean. In other words, we can only see the auroras because the moon likely has no molten ocean, the study concluded. Insights into Io's surface may also come from a map published by the U.
Geological Survey — the first to include the entire surface. The researchers said that volcanic activity would be among the things that could be studied with this map.
The imagery includes observations from the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft, as well as Galileo. While there is no mission specifically planned to look at Io, other missions are now in the vicinity of the moon — such as the aforementioned Juno spacecraft — or will be in future years. Meanwhile, observations continue from the ground; sometimes Io's volcanoes are violent enough to produce spectacular pictures even from so far away. Io has no known rings, but it does create a gaseous torus of material along its orbit around Jupiter.
Most recently, New Horizons observed Io en route to Pluto. Io almost certainly could not support life as we know it. Global image of Io true color. Jupiter and Io. Mocha Swirls in Jupiter's Turbulent Atmosphere. This page showcases our resources for those interested in learning more about Jupiter. Jupiter Resources.
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