Being overweight or obese makes it more likely to have migraine or worsening migraine. To see how your weight measures up, you can learn your body mass index BMI by entering your height and weight here:. Many different weight loss plans have helped overweight and obese migraine patients improve their symptoms. These include low-calorie diets and exercise, low carbohydrate diets, and weight loss surgery.
Weight loss surgery may be an option if your BMI is greater than 35, depending on your health. The effect of body fat mass and fat free mass on migraine headache. Iran J Neurol. J Nutr. Calculate your Body Mass Index. Ornello, R. Migraine and body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Headache Pain 16, Impact of a weight loss program on migraine in obese adolescents.
Eur J Neurol. While many people feel that certain foods can cause their migraines, the proof that a special diet can stop migraines is not very strong. Diets that take out specific foods, also known as elimination diets, have been looked at in children and adults who have migraine. There is a suggestion that diet eliminations may help children who have migraines, but the same is not true in adults.
Even with little proof, many people will suggest that eating a simple, bland diet will stop migraines from happening. Rigid diets, especially those that eliminate numerous food items, have very little to support their use in preventing migraines. Because of this, doctors will usually recommend other methods with better evidence to reduce migraine frequency. If those other methods cannot be used, elimination diets can be considered under medical supervision as part of a comprehensive approach to identify and reduce migraine triggers.
These diets should only be attempted with medical and nutritional support to ensure you are getting adequate nutrition and prevent side effects. Is migraine food allergy? A double-blind controlled trial of oligoantigenic diet treatment. Lancet ; Nutrition intervention in migraine: a randomized cross-over trial.
The Journal of headache and pain. Skip to content. Migraine and Diet. To plan a healthy diet, it helps to know which foods contain each: Carbohydrates are found in foods that you might think about as starchy or sweet.
Some suggestions for caffeine use in migraine patients: Episodic migraine patients should limit caffeine intake to one or two beverages daily or mg caffeine. Patients with daily headaches should consider avoiding caffeine completely.
Limit the use of caffeine-containing medications to no more than two days a week. The same is true for different medicines. Consider using an online calculator or talking to your doctor when figuring out your daily caffeine use. Caffeine is probably not the only cause of frequent migraines, but reducing caffeine will often help improve headache. Hunger and Headache Migraine sufferers often note that missing meals can trigger headaches.
Migraine Dietary Triggers Migraine is a very common problem. There are a few important things to remember about migraine food triggers: Migraine attacks are often due to multiple factors. There are many non-dietary trigger factors for migraine. In this case, it is the combination of all of these different things that contribute to the migraine, and not just the one food. Not all of these foods will trigger a migraine attack in every person with migraine.
Your personal food triggers can be difficult to figure out. This may be due to a link between low blood sugar levels and worsening migraine headaches. Some doctors may recommend that people with migraines keep a food journal to track what they eat and any headache symptoms that they experience.
It is worth noting that some people may have an immediate reaction to a food, while others may not react until 24 hours after eating it. The next step is to try removing one potential trigger food from the diet to see if migraines still occur. For example, a person may decide to avoid all products that contain red wine for a week, including red wine vinegar and the wine itself.
Doctors have identified five main trigger categories for migraines, one of which is different food types. The other four categories are:. Sometimes, a combination of migraine triggers can lead to a migraine headache. For example, a person could be very stressed, miss a meal, and reduce their hours of sleep. Some migraine-specific OTC medications are available. These often combine acetaminophen, aspirin , and caffeine.
Anyone who needs to take these medications several times a week to manage their symptoms is likely to require other prescription treatments to reduce their migraines. ONS involves inserting special devices called leads into the tissue in the back of the head where the occipital nerves transmit. The leads send signals to these nerves to try to interrupt transmissions that might lead to migraine headaches. Some natural approaches, such as using peppermint, ginger , and the herb feverfew, may also relieve migraine symptoms.
A doctor can discuss these treatment options and others with a person to help them manage their migraine headaches. Diet can play a role in preventing, triggering, and relieving migraines. However, migraines vary from person to person, so a type of food that is beneficial for one person may not be suitable for another. According to the Association of Migraine Disorders, fewer than 30 percent of people who get migraines have identified food-related triggers. In spite of this, many people try keeping food journals or doing elimination diets in an attempt to identify potential triggers.
Being open to change in your diet is a good start, says Dr. A diet with a variety of good foods will make a big difference both in migraine management and overall health and may improve imbalances that contribute to headaches, says Brown.
Looking for something quick and easy that could help stave off a migraine attack or an episode of hypoglycemia , which could lead to a headache? Reach for a banana rather than highly processed foods like granola bars or candy, suggests Brown. Watermelon also has surprise! Getting plenty of water — both by drinking it and by consuming foods that contain lots of water — will help you stay hydrated. Getting enough fluids is important for all aspects of health, including migraine, says Brown.
About one in three people with migraine say dehydration is a trigger, according to the American Migraine Foundation. Flaxseeds, sprouted pumpkin seeds, and chia seeds are all good sources of magnesium , says Ferreira.
Pumpkin seeds are also high in fiber , preventing the constipation that sometimes comes with migraine. Cashews are high in magnesium, too, she says. Tea can help with overall hydration , which in itself can prevent or relieve a headache, and depending on the type of tea, there are other benefits as well, according to Brown.
To be on the safe side, try limiting your caffeine intake for example, no more than 2. There are many possible food triggers tied to migraines, and the ones that affect you might be different from the ones that affect someone else.
In addition, it can be hard to pinpoint whether a particular food is really a trigger for you. Keeping a food diary can help. Try writing down what you eat each day and whether you experience a migraine soon after. If you suspect something is a trigger, you can then try to eliminate it from your diet to see if it reduces the number of migraines you experience. Along those lines, eating a few big meals each day can also spike your blood sugar and make you more susceptible to migraines.
The American Migraine Foundation suggests eating five or six small, calorie-controlled meals throughout the day. This can help you prevent hunger-related headaches, keep your blood sugar on an even keel, and avoid eating large amounts of any foods that could trigger a headache.
One easy way to stave off migraines is to have a snack during the long stretch between dinner and breakfast the following morning. Martin was involved in a study published in April in the Journal of Clinical Neuroscience that looked at the connection between snacking at night and migraines.
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